فعل "To do " من الافعال المهمة و الاكثر استعمالا في الانجليزية لانها تلعب دور فعل مساعد او مكمل لافعال اخرى عند تصريفها كما نستعمله في طرح الاسئلة. مقابل هذا الفعل باللغة العربية هو فعل " فَعلَ " ماذا فعلت؟ و ماذا تفعل؟. الجدول التالي ستجد تصريف هذا الفعل في مختلف الازمنة مع طريقة صياغة النفي و السؤال باستعمال فعل "To do "
فعل "to do" هو واحد من الأفعال الأكثر استخداماً في اللغة الإنجليزية. يمكن استخدامه في العديد من السياقات والأغراض، سواء كفعل رئيسي أو مساعد. في هذه المقالة، سوف نتحدث عن استخدامات فعل "to do"، بما في ذلك التعبير عن الأفعال المكتملة، والتعبير عن الأسئلة والإجابات القصيرة، والتأكيد والنفي. للبدء، يمكن استخدام فعل "to do" للتعبير عن الأفعال المكتملة. على سبيل المثال، يمكن استخدام "did" كفعل مساعد للتعبير عن الفعل الماضي، مثل "I did my homework" (أنا أنجزت واجبي). يمكن استخدام "did" أيضاً لإبراز التشديد، مثل "I did say that" (لقد قلت ذلك بالفعل).
فعل "to do" هو واحد من الأفعال الأكثر استخداماً في اللغة الإنجليزية. يمكن استخدامه في العديد من السياقات والأغراض، سواء كفعل رئيسي أو مساعد. في هذه المقالة، سوف نتحدث عن استخدامات فعل "to do"، بما في ذلك التعبير عن الأفعال المكتملة، والتعبير عن الأسئلة والإجابات القصيرة، والتأكيد والنفي.
للبدء، يمكن استخدام فعل "to do" للتعبير عن الأفعال المكتملة. على سبيل المثال، يمكن استخدام "did" كفعل مساعد للتعبير عن الفعل الماضي، مثل "I did my homework" (أنا أنجزت واجبي). يمكن استخدام "did" أيضاً لإبراز التشديد، مثل "I did say that" (لقد قلت ذلك بالفعل).
بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن استخدام "do" كفعل مساعد لتكوين الأسئلة والإجابات القصيرة. على سبيل المثال، يمكن السؤال "Do you like pizza?" (هل تحب البيتزا؟)، ويمكن الإجابة بـ "Yes, I do" (نعم، أحبها) أو "No, I don't" (لا، لا أحبها).
أخيراً، يمكن استخدام "do" و "does" للتأكيد والنفي. على سبيل المثال، يمكن قول "I do like pizza" (أنا حقاً أحب البيتزا)، أو "He doesn't like pizza" (هو لا يحب البيتزا).
بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن استخدام "do" كفعل مساعد لتكوين الأسئلة والإجابات القصيرة. على سبيل المثال، يمكن السؤال "Do you like pizza?" (هل تحب البيتزا؟)، ويمكن الإجابة بـ "Yes, I do" (نعم، أحبها) أو "No, I don't" (لا، لا أحبها).
أخيراً، يمكن استخدام "do" و "does" للتأكيد والنفي. على سبيل المثال، يمكن قول "I do like pizza" (أنا حقاً أحب البيتزا)، أو "He doesn't like pizza" (هو لا يحب البيتزا).
Present Simple : Do and Does
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I do. | I do not do. | Do I do? |
| You do. | You do not do. | Do you do? |
| He/She/It does. | He/She/It does not do. | Does he/she/it do? |
| We do. | We do not do. | Do we do? |
| You do. | You do not do. | Do you do? |
| They do. | They do not do. | Do they do? |
Present Simple Continuous: To be in present + doing
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I am doing. | I am not doing. | Am I doing? |
| You are doing. | You are not doing. | Are you doing? |
| He/She/It is doing. | He/She/It is not doing. | Is he/she/it doing? |
| We are doing. | We are not doing. | Are we doing? |
| You are doing. | You are not doing. | Are you doing? |
| They are doing. | They are not doing. | Are they doing? |
Past Simple: S+Did
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I did. | I did not do. | Did I do? |
| You did. | You did not do. | Did you do? |
| He/She/It did. | He/She/It did not do. | Did he/she/it do? |
| We did. | We did not do. | Did we do? |
| You did. | You did not do. | Did you do? |
| They did. | They did not do. | Did they do? |
Past Continuous: S+To be in past+ doing
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I was doing. | I was not doing. | Was I doing? |
| You were doing. | You were not doing. | Were you doing? |
| He/She/It was doing. | He/She/It was not doing. | Was he/she/it doing? |
| We were doing. | We were not doing. | Were we doing? |
| You were doing. | You were not doing. | Were you doing? |
| They were doing. | They were not doing. | Were they doing? |
Future Simple: S+wil do
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I will do. | I will not do. | Will I do? |
| You will do. | You will not do. | Will you do? |
| He/She/It will do. | He/She/It will not do. | Will he/she/it do? |
| We will do. | We will not do. | Will we do? |
| You will do. | You will not do. | Will you do? |
| They will do. | They will not do. | Will they do? |
Present Perfect Simple: S+To have in present+ done
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I have done. | I have not done. | Have I done? |
| You have done. | You have not done. | Have you done? |
| He/She/It has done. | He/She/It has not done. | Has he/she/it done? |
| We have done. | We have not done. | Have we done? |
| You have done. | You have not done. | Have you done? |
| They have done. | They have not done. | Have they done? |
Present Perfect Continuous:
S+To have in present+ been+doing
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I have been doing. | I have not been doing. | Have I been doing? |
| You have been doing. | You have not been doing. | Have you been doing? |
| He/She/It has been doing. | He/She/It has not been doing. | Has he/she/it been doing? |
| We have been doing. | We have not been doing. | Have we been doing? |
| You have been doing. | You have not been doing. | Have you been doing? |
| They have been doing. | They have not been doing. | Have they been doing? |
Past Perfect Simple: S+To have in past simple +done
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I had done. | I had not done. | Had I done? |
| You had done. | You had not done. | Had you done? |
| He/She/It had done. | He/She/It had not done. | Had he/she/it done? |
| We had done. | We had not done. | Had we done? |
| You had done. | You had not done. | Had you done? |
| They had done. | They had not done. | Had they done? |
Past Perfect Continuous:
S+verb to have in past simple +been+ doing
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I had been doing. | I had not been doing. | Had I been doing? |
| You had been doing. | You had not been doing. | Had you been doing? |
| He/She/It had been doing. | He/She/It had not been doing. | Had he/she/it been doing? |
| We had been doing. | We had not been doing. | Had we been doing? |
| You had been doing. | You had not been doing. | Had you been doing? |
| They had been doing. | They had not been doing. | Had they been doing? |
Future Perfect:S+will+have+ done
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I will have done. | I will not have done. | Will I have done? |
| You will have done. | You will not have done. | Will you have done? |
| He/She/It will have done. | He/She/It will not have done. | Will he/she/it have done? |
| We will have done. | We will not have done. | Will we have done? |
| You will have done. | You will not have done. | Will you have done? |
| They will have done. | They will not have done. | Will they have done? |
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